The antibiofilm activity of peel extracts of Mangifera indica L. (Carabao mango) at different ripeness stages against Staphylococcus aureus biofilm

BIANCA JULLIANA MARIE N. BAT-OG, KEANE MARCEL V. ORETA, TRINA THERESE M. VILLAFLOR, and FERNANDO CHRISTIAN JOLITO III
Philippine Science High School- Western Visayas Campus, Brgy. Bito-on, Jaro, Iloilo City 5000, Department of Science and Technology – Science Education Institute, Philippines


Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus biofilm is a matrix composed of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) that protect bacteria and is responsible for antibiotic resistance and many osocomial infections. It can be broken down by phytochemicals such as tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids, quinones, and saponins found in Mangifera indica L. These compounds are influenced by ripening of the fruit. The study focused on determining the ripeness stage that produced the peel extract with the most effective antibiofilm properties. Phytochemical screening and biofilm assay were conducted and absorbance values and percent reduction were obtained. At 50% concentration, none of the samples showed antibiofilm activity. At 25% concentration, all except the extract from ripeness stage 2 fruits exhibited antibiofilm activity. At 10% concentration, all extracts exhibited antibiofilm activity. In conclusion, no trend for antibiofilm activity was observed for ripeness stages. Decreased concentration of extracts yielded greater antibiofilm activity which was contradictory to many cited studies.

Keywords: antibiofilm, Staphylococcus aureus, Mangifera indica L., ripeness stages, peel extracts